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P. Tejeswara Rao ¹, S. K. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Orthopaedics, M.K.C.G. Medical College, Berhampur, Dist: Ganjam, Orissa, IN

Abstract

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Keywords

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Minakshi Pandey ¹, Sweta Sharma ², S. K. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Govt. New Science College, Rewa (M.P.), IN
2 Department of Microbiology, Escort Heart Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Yeast and yeast like fungi cause infection in man. Before culturing and identifying the specific pathogenic fungus, it is important to demonstrate the fungus in the clinical specimen. The difficulties for clinical diagnosis lie in the absence of specific signs and for biological diagnosis lie in opportunistic character of yeast. The biological test like sugar fermentation and assimilation are of immense important for identification of the yeast isolates.

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Bhavna Dwivedi ¹, P. K. Mishra ², S. K. Mishra ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Govt. New Science College, Rewa 486491 (MP), IN
2 Bhopal Memorial Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

Living cells sometimes encounter continuous or accidental exposure of genotoxic agents which misbalances the integrity of subcellular components. DNA damage by these genotoxic agents initiates various cellular responses. These cellular responses include sensors, transducers and effectors. Sensor protein act at the frontline of the DNA response mechanism. The transducer amplifies the intracellular signals to the down stream regulatory molecules. Then the effector molecules progresses towards the execution of cell cycle arrest, DNA repair or apoptosis. The most important sensor proteins are ATM and ATR. One of the most imperative substrate that is phosphorylated by these protein kinases is γ-H2AX which is a vital component for nuclear foci formation to execute DNA repair mechanisms. This complete process is under tight regulation and any imbalance in these processes may lead to hypersensitivity to cellular stress and susceptibility to DNA damage, genomic effects and resistance to apoptosis, thus initiating the cascade of carcinogenesis. There are various agents that modifies DNA molecule, for example; environmental isocyanates and their derivatives that have capability to cause toxicogenomic effects. Isocyanates are thus becoming of interest in the field of genetic toxicology as they may react with DNA to produce DNA damage.

Keywords

DNA Damage, Genotoxic Agent, ATM.

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S. S. Rawat ¹, P. Kumar ¹, M. K. Jain ², S. K. Mishra ³, B. Nikam ⁴

Affiliations
1 Western Himalayan Regional Centre, National Institute of Hydrology, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, IN
3 Department of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, IN
4 Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, ISRO, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IN

Abstract

In this study, direct runoff hydrograph (DRH) is derived by defining the Nash GIUH parameters in terms of the lag time of the watershed, rather than velocity used in conventional GIUH approach. The proposed approach is tested for its applicability on several isolated rainfall-runoff events of a Himalayan watershed (Gagas watershed within Ramganga basin) located in Uttarakhand state of India. The DRHs derived by the proposed approach were found to be in good agreement (average Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) = 83.2% and relative error (RE) in peak = 5.4%) with the observed DRHs. The proposed approach was also compared with kinematic wave-based GIUH approach and the results of the former approach were found superior to the later. Furthermore, to overcome the complexity involved in manual estimation of geomorphological parameters, an approach based on Melton number and geomorphological information system (GIS) is also proposed and found to be simple and easy-to-use. 

Keywords

GIS, GIUH, ILWIS, Lag Time, Nash Model, SRTM DEM.

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S. K. Mishra ¹, G. M. Doshi ², P. K. Chaskar ², P. K. Sahu ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar- 751003, Odisha, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society’s College of Pharmacy, Mumbai- 400074, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia has a cited purification method (known as Shodhana) to remove the toxic substances from Semecarpus anacardium (SA). The present study is undertaken to evaluate the effect of shodhit (SM) and preshodhit (PSM) methanolic extracts for anticancer activity. HeLa cell lines were used. Cell viability test using trypan blue was performed. MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was done for cytotoxicity. Oxidative stress and Caspase 3 activities were investigated to know the mechanism. Oxidative stress included Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Oxygen Species (TBARS), Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), GSH (Glutathione-SH) and protein carbonyl assay studies. MTT assay revealed maximum inhibition of 73% by PSM and 47% by SM. Cell viability showed living cells of 78% by PSM and 84% by SM. Shodhana significantly reduced the oxidative stress. Caspase 3 activity quantification revealed that there was no significant difference between SM and PSM extracts. Thus, Shodhana helps to decrease cytotoxic activity whereas anticancer activity remains unaltered.

Keywords

Semecarpus anacardium, TBARS, SOD, GSH, Shodhana, Caspase 3.

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S. K. Mishra ¹, Vikas Gupta ¹, R. K. Saraf ¹

Affiliations
1 Dryland Horticulture Research and Training Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Garhakota, Sagar (M.P.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at JNKVV, DHRTC farm during 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the effectiveness of eleven insecticides including untreated check against bihar hairy caterpillar, Spilosoma obliqua Walker. All the insecticides were capable of keeping the population of larvae at the minimum level and significant differences were noted among the treatments at 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after first and second spray of insecticides compared to untreated check. The treatment T₄ (Flubendiamide 480 SC ) exhibited its superiority by registering the lowest larval population of 0.80 and 0.15 per meter row length during first and second spray, respectively. The overall order of effectiveness of these insecticides against S. obliqua was found to be Flubendiamide 480 SC > Indoxacarb 14.5 SC > Spinosad 45 SC > Thiodicarb 75 WP > Emmamectin benzoate 5 SG > Rynaxypyre 20 SC > Thiomethoxom 25% WG > Fipronil 5% SL > Imidacloprid 17.8 SL > Chloropyriphos 20 EC. The highest seed yield of 16.88 q/ha. was obtained in the plots treated with Flubendiamide 480 SC. The next effective treatments was Indoxacarb 14.5 SC followed by Spinosad 45 SC recorded 14.90 and 14.77 q/ha. The protection efficiency was higher being 88.27 per cent with 11.72 per cent losses in seed yield in Indoxacarb 14.5 SC. Maximum yield loss 43.72 per cent was noticed in untreated crop against 11.72 to 37.79 per cent in different insecticidal treatments.

Keywords

Efficacy, Novel Insecticides, Spilosoma obliqua.

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S. K. Mishra ¹, Vikas Gupta ¹, R. K. Saraf ¹

Affiliations
1 Dryland Horticulture Research and Training Centre, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Garhakota, Sagar (M.P.), IN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at JNKVV, DHRTC farm during 2014 and 2015 to evaluate the effectiveness of imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam, used as seed treatment against the sucking pests of soybean crop. In this experiment numbers of sucking pests were counted at seven days interval starting from 20 days of sowing till five weeks after first observation. The number of jassids and white flies were counted from top three and two middle leaves of randomly selected 5 plants in each plot. The whitefly population was comparatively higher than that of jassids. The overall effect of insecticidal treatments at all the six intervals on sucking pest population revealed that all the treatments were found effective in comparison to untreated check. The treatment of Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 1.50 g. a.i./kg seed followed by Imidacloprid 600 FS @ 0.75 g. a.i. /kg seed was found most effective against the early sucking pests on soybean. The treatment of Thiamethoxom 70 % WS @ 2g/kg seed was least effective against the sucking pests. All the insecticidal treatments increased the yield of soybean seed significantly over the control. The highest seed yield was obtained from the treatment of imidacloprid 600 FS @ 1.50 g. a.i./kg seed.

Keywords

Bioefficacy, Neonicotinoid, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Sucking Pests, Seed Treatment, Soybean.

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S. K. Mishra ¹, R. K. Saraf ¹, Vikas Gupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Dryland Horticulture Research and Training Centre (J. N. K. V. V. ), Garhakota, Sagar (M.P.), IN

Abstract

The incidence of whitefly was started in the fourth week of August (1.80/plants). The whitefly population reached to its peak (21.10 white fly/plants) in the last week of September (39^th meteorological week). Average maximum (33.61 °C) and minimum (18.58 °C) temperature with average morning and evening relative humidity was 74.01 and 46.42 per cent, respectively, favoured the faster multiplication of white fly. The initial incidence of C. septempunctata was recorded in the last week of August and attained its peak in the last week of September. The population of C. septempunctata was influenced by the host insect as both were at peak the same time (3.50 beetles/21.10 whitefly). Positive and non-significant correlation was found between whitefly and maximum temperature (r = 0.5546) and significant positive correlation was found between minimum temperature (r = 0,2025). The relationship between the whitefly population and rainfall was also negative and non-significant (r = - 0.1636). Positive non-significant correlation was found between beetle, C. septempunctata and maximum temperature (r = 0.2620), minimum temperature (r = 0.2990).

Keywords

Bemisia tabaci, Abiotic Factors, C. septempunctata.

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S. K. Mishra ¹, Jyoti Singh ¹, Astha Raj Pandey ¹, N. Dwivedi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, U.P. College (Autonomous), Varanasi 221 002, IN

Abstract

Fisherella muscicola NDUPC001 was isolated from agricultural fields of Varanasi, India. The cyanobacterial strain was characterized by morphological as well as molecular methods (16S rRNA gene with accession no. JX876898.2) and was deposited at NAIMCC (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India (accession no. NAIMCC-C-000121). The cyanobacterial strain produced tryptophan-dependent indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), which was identified by thin-layer chromatography and quantitative determination was done by Salkowski’s colorimetric method. The maximum amount of IAA production was 286.82 μg/ml on the 19th day in culture medium supplemented with 5 mg/ml of L-tryptophan. The cyanobacterial extract increased the length of radicle, plumule and number of adventitious ischolar_mains of rice several times in comparison to control to state the IAA production by Fisherella muscicola. Also, the production of IAA by this strain is highest among cyanobacteria reported so far.

Keywords

Agricultural Fields, Cyanobacterial Strain, Fisherella muscicola, Indole-3-Acetic Acid, Tryptophan.

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